Assessment of mucosal changes associated with nasal splint in a rabbit model / Avaliação sobre alterações na mucosa, associadas ao uso de splints nasais, utilizando coelhos como cobaias

INTRODUCTION: There is no consensus on duration of the nasal splint after nasal septum surgeries. The pressure of nasal splint on the mucosa may cause tissue necrosis and nasal septum perforation. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the histopathological changes of the nasal mucosa caused by nasal splints in a rabbit model. METHODS: No splint was used in group A. Bilateral silicone nasal splints were placed for five, ten, and 15 days in groups B, C, and D, respectively. Biopsy of the nasal mucosa was performed after removal of splint. Histopathologic evaluations were performed. The severity and depth of the inflammation were scored. RESULTS: Group A had a normal histological appearance. Comparison of the results of groups B, C, and D with group A demonstrated statistically significant differences with regards to the severity of histopathological findings. There was no statistically significant difference between groups B and C. There were statistically significant differences between the groups B and D, and also between groups C and D. CONCLUSIONS: Longer duration of nasal splint had a higher risk for septal perforation. Therefore, removal of the splint as soon as possible may be helpful for preventing potential perforations. .

INTRODUÇÃO: Não existe consenso acerca do tempo de permanência de splints nasais no pós-operatório de cirurgias no septo. A pressão causada pelos mesmos na mucosa nasal pode causar necrose e perfurações septais. OBJETIVOS: Investigar mudanças histopatológicas da mucosa nasal causadas por splints nasais em coelhos. MÉTODO: Nenhum splint foi utilizado no grupo A. Splints de silicone foram utilizados por 5, 10 e 15 dias nos grupos B, C e D, respectivamente. Biópsia da mucosa nasal foi realizada após a remoção dos mesmos. Avaliações histopatológicas foram realizadas, e a gravidade e a profundidade do processo inflamatório foram medidas. RESULTADOS: Grupo A apresentou uma aparência histológica normal. Comparações de resultados entre os grupos B, C e D com o grupo A demonstraram diferenças estatísticas relevantes na gravidade histopatológica. Não houve diferenças estatísticas relevantes entre os grupos B e D, assim como entre os grupos C e D. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com os resultados, quanto maior a duração no uso de splints nasais maior o risco de perfuração septal. Portanto, a remoção de splints nasais deve ser realizada assim que possível, prevenindo potenciais perfurações. .

Assessment of mucosal changes associated with nasal splint in a rabbit model.

INTRODUCTION: There is no consensus on duration of the nasal splint after nasal septum surgeries. The pressure of nasal splint on the mucosa may cause tissue necrosis and nasal septum perforation. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the histopathological changes of the nasal mucosa caused by nasal splints in a rabbit model. METHODS: No splint was used in group A. Bilateral silicone nasal splints were placed for five, ten, and 15 days in groups B, C, and D, respectively. Biopsy of the nasal mucosa was performed after removal of splint. Histopathologic evaluations were performed. The severity and depth of the inflammation were scored. RESULTS: Group A had a normal histological appearance. Comparison of the results of groups B, C, and D with group A demonstrated statistically significant differences with regards to the severity of histopathological findings. There was no statistically significant difference between groups B and C. There were statistically significant differences between the groups B and D, and also between groups C and D. CONCLUSIONS: Longer duration of nasal splint had a higher risk for septal perforation. Therefore, removal of the splint as soon as possible may be helpful for preventing potential perforations.

The effect of Beta glucan on Cisplatin ototoxicity.

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of betaglucan in ameliorating cisplatin ototoxicity. Rats were divided into four groups: cisplatin (C), cisplatin plus beta glucan (CB), beta glucan (B), and control (K). Distortion product otoacoustic emissions were elicited in 0th, 1st, and 5th days. For the group C differences were observed at 8,003 and 9,515 Hz between 0th and 5th days' measurements. In the group CB there were differences at frequencies of 3,996, 4,757, 5,660, and 6,726 Hz between 0th and 5th days' measurements. For the group B there were significant recovery in some frequencies. The observation of significant deterioration in terms of hearing in the group treated with cisplatin plus betaglucan may be suggested that depended on the increase of permeability and tissue conductance into the inner ear which may be caused by betaglucan. Further long-term follow-up studies by using different doses may clarify this matter.

Long-term outcomes of balloon dilation for acquired subglottic stenosis in children.

Objectives. Balloon dilation laryngoplasty has been suggested as an alternative treatment to open surgical treatment of acquired subglottic stenosis in children. We describe long-term outcomes of balloon dilation for acquired subglottic stenosis in children. Methods. The medical charts of children who had balloon dilation for subglottic stenosis secondary to intubation were reviewed. Data included demographics, relevant history and physical examination, diagnostic workup, and management. Outcomes of balloon dilation were assessed based on improvement in preoperative symptoms, grading of stenosis, complications, and need for additional procedures. Results. Three children (2 male, 1 female, age range: 14 weeks-1 year) underwent balloon dilation for acquired subglottic stenosis. Patients presented with stridor and increased work of breathing. Duration of intubation ranged from 2 days to 3 weeks. Patients became symptomatic 5 days to 6 weeks after extubation. Grade of subglottic stenosis was II in 2 patients and III in one. Subglottic stenosis patients had 2-3 dilations within 2-10 weeks. All patients were asymptomatic during 14-21-month follow-up. Conclusions. Serial balloon dilation was safe and successful method to manage acquired subglottic stenosis in this group of children. No recurrence was noted in a follow-up more than a year after resolution of symptoms.

Evaluation of the protective effect of Beta glucan on amikacin ototoxicity using distortion product otoacoustic emission measurements in rats.

OBJECTIVES: This experimental study investigated the possible protective effect of beta glucans on amikacin ototoxicity. METHODS: Thirty-eight rats with normal distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were divided into four groups. Group K was the control group. Group A was injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with amikacin 600 mg/kg/day between days 1-15. Group AB was given beta glucan gavage 1 mg/kg/day on days 0-15 and given amikacin 600 mg/kg/day i.m. on days 1-15. Group B was administered only beta glucan gavage, 1 mg/kg/day, on days 0-15. The DPOAEs were elicited in different frequency regions between 2,003 and 9,515 Hz, as distortion product diagrams (DPgrams), before and after the medication was administered, in all groups, on days 1, 5, 10, and 15. RESULTS: No significant changes in the DPgrams were observed in group K. In group A, significant deterioration was observed at the 8,003 and 9,515 Hz frequencies on day 10, and at the 3,991, 4,557, 5,660, 6,726, 8,003, and 9,515 Hz frequencies on day 15. For group AB, statistically significant deterioration was observed at the 2,824, 8,003, and 9,515 Hz frequencies on day 15. The results for group B showed a significant improvement of hearing at the 2,378, 2,824, 3,363, and 3,991 Hz frequencies on day 1, at the 3,363, 3,991, and 8,003 Hz frequencies on day 10, and at the 8,003 Hz frequency on day 15. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that amikacin-induced hearing loss in rats may be limited to some extent by concomitant use of beta glucan.